U.S. Mass Shooters Are Disproportionately Veterans

UPDATE: Thank you to Paul Ryder for sending news report that moves Seattle Cafe Shooting to the Veterans list. That makes 29 of 82 or 35%.

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Are veterans of the U.S. military disproportionately likely to be mass killers in the United States? Asking such a question is difficult, first because of concerns of profiling, discrimination, etc., and second, because it’s hard to answer.

It’s important to answer because it’s important for us to know whether military training is contributing to this epidemic, a fact that (one must rush to say) would not somehow eliminate the roles played by gender, guns, mental illness, domestic violence, a violent culture, the mass media, economic inequality, or anything else.

Looking at this list of mass shootings in the United States, one notices the following:

  • ninety-eight percent of the shootings were done by male shooters;
  • the vast majority had mental health problems;
  • the racial breakdown looks roughly equivalent to that in the population as a whole;
  • the creators of the list have not bothered to create a thorough record of which shooters had been in the military.

Beginning to sort out an answer, one quickly discovers that many mass-killings by veterans have been excluded from this list. World War II veteran Howard Barton Unruh killed 13 people in 1949 in New Jersey, but that was too early to make it onto this list. Persian Gulf veteran Timothy McVeigh killed 168 in Oklahoma City in 1995 but didn’t use guns. Persian Gulf veteran Robert Flores shot his three nursing professors in Tucson, Arizona, in 2002, but only killings of four or more have been included. The same restriction keeps out U.S. Marine Corps veteran Radcliffe Haughton’s killing of three women in Wisconsin in 2012. Even the D.C. sniper, Persian Gulf veteran John Allen Muhammad, who killed 17 in the Washington, D.C., area in 2002, with a partner, and using guns, is not included — perhaps because he didn’t kill all of his victims at once.

Proceeding with this list nonetheless, we should be able to determine what percentage of the shooters on the list are veterans, and then compare that to the general population. But how exactly do we do that? It would be crazy to look at figures for the general population as opposed to those for men only, because the percentages of men and of women who are veterans are very different. And even looking at men only, the percentage who are veterans in the U.S. population varies dramatically by age group. Almost all of the shooters are men, and almost all of them are between ages 18 and 59. Above age 59, the percentage of men in the general population who are veterans leaps up dramatically. Between 18 and 59 — by averaging the percentages for each age year — about 14.76 percent of U.S. men are veterans.

What percentage of U.S. mass shooters who are men between 18 and 59 are veterans? Deleting two shootings from the list that were done by females, and one that was done by a man and a woman, and deleting eight done by men too old or young to fall into our sample, we’re left with 83 mass shootings to look at. I then delete one that was an attack on the U.S. military by a foreign-born shooter, as it seems irrelevant to ask if that shooter had been in the U.S. military. That leaves a list of 82 shootings.

In quickly reading available news reports online about each shooting, I see that almost all of the shooters were born in the United States. And I am leaving in the sample list those few that were foreign born, even including some who could not legally have joined the U.S. military had they wanted to. And I am not attempting to find out which shooters received military training from some military other than the U.S. I am also leaving on the list those who said their motivation for shooting was revenge for U.S. wars. And I’m leaving on the list but not counting as veterans two men who tried to join the U.S. military and were rejected, as well as one who worked at a U.S. Navy base but apparently not as a member of the Navy. I am leaving on the list and counting one whose military training was in JROTC, and about whom I do not know whether he had further military training.

Following a quick search of 82 shootings on the internet, I’ve been able to find that at least 28 of the shooters had been in the U.S. military (again, including the JROTC in one case). On the other side, I’ve been able to confirm very few of the shooters as having not been in the military. In several cases I’ve had to read several articles before finding a mention of the military. In no case have I found a mention of having not been in the military. This leads me to strongly suspect that the number 28 undercounts the number of veterans in the sample. Nonetheless, that’s 34% of U.S. mass shooters who are military veterans, as compared with 14.76% in the general population for the same gender and age. In other words, veterans are over twice as likely to be mass shooters, and probably more likely than that.

Needless to say, this is a statistic about a large population, not information about any particular individual. Needless to say, profiling and discrimination are counterproductive. But here’s what else might be counterproductive: Training people in the arts of mass murder, launching wars, and dropping people trained for wars and having suffered through wars into a heavily armed society full of economic insecurity and the industrialized world’s leading lack of healthcare.

Of course it’s possible that people inclined toward mass shootings are also inclined to join the military, that the relationship is a correlation and not a cause. In fact, I would be shocked if there wasn’t some truth to that. But it’s also possible that being trained and conditioned and given a familiarity with mass shootings — and in some cases no doubt an experience of engaging in mass shooting and having it deemed acceptable — makes one more likely to mass shoot. I cannot imagine there isn’t truth in that.

Here are the shootings by veterans on this list: Texas First Baptist Church massacre, Florida awning manufacturer shooting, Fort Lauderdale airport shooting, Baton Rouge police shooting, Dallas police shooting, Umpqua Community College shooting, Trestle Trail bridge shooting, Fort Hood shooting 2, Washington Navy Yard shooting, Sikh temple shooting, Seal Beach shooting, Fort Hood massacre, Carthage nursing home shooting, Northern Illinois University shooting, Damageplan show shooting, Wakefield massacre, Caltrans maintenance yard shooting, Fort Lauderdale revenge shooting, Air Force base shooting, Luigi’s shooting, Watkins Glen killings, Royal Oak postal shootings, Luby’s massacre, ESL shooting, United States Postal Service shooting, San Ysidro McDonald’s massacre, Welding shop shooting, Xerox killings.

Here are the shootings on this list that I have not been able to determine were by veterans: Walmart shooting in suburban Denver, Edgewood business park shooting, San Francisco UPS shooting, Pennsylvania supermarket shooting, Rural Ohio nursing home shooting, Fresno downtown shooting, Excel Industries mass shooting, Kalamazoo shooting spree, Planned Parenthood clinic, Colorado Springs shooting rampage, Charleston Church Shooting, Isla Vista mass murder, Hialeah apartment shooting, Santa Monica rampage, Pinewood Village Apartment shooting, Sandy Hook Elementary massacre, Accent Signage Systems shooting, Aurora theater shooting, Seattle cafe shooting, Oikos University killings, Su Jung Health Sauna shooting, IHOP shooting, Hartford Beer Distributor shooting, Coffee shop police killings, Atlantis Plastics shooting, Kirkwood City Council shooting, Crandon shooting, Virginia Tech massacre, Amish school shooting, Capitol Hill massacre, Living Church of God shooting, Lockheed Martin shooting, Hotel shooting, Wedgwood Baptist Church shooting, Atlanta day trading spree killings, Connecticut Lottery shooting, R.E. Phelon Company shooting, Walter Rossler Company massacre, Chuck E. Cheese’s killings, Long Island Rail Road massacre, 101 California Street shootings, Lindhurst High School shooting, University of Iowa shooting, GMAC massacre, Standard Gravure shooting, Stockton schoolyard shooting, Shopping centers spree killings, Orlando nightclub massacre, Binghamton shootings, Trolley Square shooting, Dallas nightclub shooting, Tucson shooting, Westroads Mall shooting, Cascade Mall shooting.

39 thoughts on “U.S. Mass Shooters Are Disproportionately Veterans”

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  3. I looked into this myself a few years ago and just did a follow up; this not only goes for mass shooters, but also for murders in general, although some of the statistics are hard to sort out.

    However, most of the shootings that you listed as inconclusive, including the recent Walmart shooting, Sandy Hook, Charleston and the planned parenthood shooting in Colorado are almost certainly not veterans. I looked through their history and if they were doing something else during peak military age especially if it was criminal it’s unlikely they were in the military, especially the two younger ones.

    The Bureau of Justice Statistics provides some studies that are selectively chosen and seriously flawed which I reviewed, they make it seem like veterans are less likely to be in jail; but the reason for this is much higher rates among elderly less likely to be involved in criminal activity.

    David Philips did a much better review a few years ago which I cited in my article.

    In addition I found that states with high recruitment rates have higher murder rates; and in the follow up posted yesterday I found that bases in Texas are in cities with higher murder rates than both the rest of Texas and the rest of the United States.

    I went into this more at “Texas Church Shooting Exposes Cover-up of Military Domestic Violence Problems”

    http://zacherydtaylor.blogspot.com/2017/11/texas-church-shooting-exposes-cover-up.html

    Part of the reason is that they recruit cadets raised in an authoritarian manner with corporal punishment that leads to escalating violence, including bullying hazing and domestic violence. Military boot camp only makes this worse creating a bad combination to indoctrinate people to fight wars based on lies.

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  6. Does the list have the ” Edgemont Towers in Bristol, Tenn. – the worst mass murder in the city’s history” incident that occurred in 2008? Five, people, including the shooter, ultimately died, though only three deaths were initially reported at the time of the incident, Feb 27, 2008.

    In this case, the shooter was already a convicted felon, but was accepted into the TN National Guard. Loosening standards to meet head counts has consequences.

    The shooter, Rusty Rumley Jr., 26, of Watauga, Tenn, killed himself–with a .45 military pistol, stolen from the military decades ago.
    ——–
    In July 2016, also in Bristol, TN, another military veteran, a black man upset over racial discrimination, shot at cars with white drivers, killing a local newspaper delivery driver, and wounding three others, including a policeman. Not a mass killing, just another daily mass shooting by a military trained shooter.

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  14. As a veteran who’s been in combat, and survived, I cannot answer if us veterans are more likely to perform mass shootings, and definitely don’t know why the veterans who have done it, choose to do a horrific act. I can only guess, after many months and years of combat and the violence than comes with wars, then on top of dealing with that plus the VA health care denies your benefits for most veterans and deny you treatment for emotional, and mental help may lead to some veterans to lash out.
    But hey, veteran’s have best of everything as most Americans beleave. Put on uniform and see the support you get from the same gov who says it’s ok to kill in war, but after your svc is different story. To all vets who might lash at me, saying it could be my dishcharge, I was given a honorable discharge and received 4 metals!

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